![]() ![]() If both are present the trial may last until sunset but no later.Ģ. After noon, in case either party has failed to appear, let the magistrate pronounce judgment in favor of the one who is present. ![]() Afterwards let them talk it out together, while both are present. If they do not compromise, let them state each his own side of the case, in the comitium of the forum before noon. When the litigants settle their case by compromise, let the magistrate announce it. ![]() Let the protector of a landholder be a landholder for one of the proletariat, let anyone that cares, be protector.ģ. He need not provide a covered carriage with a pallet unless he chooses.Ģ. If illness or old age is the hindrance, let the summoner provide a team. If he shirks or runs away, let the summoner lay hands on him. If the man summoned does not go, let the one summoning him call the bystanders to witness and then take him by force. If anyone summons a man before the magistrate, he must go. The latter seems the more probable supposition but in either case it is clear that it was not one of the objects of this legislation to put the two classes on the same footing.ġ. One of the two last tables contained a provision which allowed no connubium between patricians and plebeians but it is uncertain whether this was a new rule of law, or a confirmation of an old rule. It is more reasonable to suppose that they fixed in a written form a large body of customary law, which would be a benefit to the plebeians, inasmuch as the patricians were the expounders of the law and it would be to the patricians a better security for their privileges. The notion which has sometimes been entertained-that the Twelve Tables contained a body of rules of law entirely new-is not supported by any evidence, and is inconsistent with all that we know of them and of Roman institutions. By 450 bce, the plebeians had won another important concession, the Laws of the Twelve Tables, which Livy tells us were inscribed on bronze tablets and placed on public display. The only actions a tribune could not veto were those of military commanders or dictators. The tribunes had absolute veto power they could not be called to account for their actions and they could not be harmed in any way or even touched. In typical Roman fashion, the Roman Senate compromised with the plebeians. What the plebeians gained was the right to elect two tribunes. During the Struggle of the Orders, the Roman constitution was modified. Their object was to acquire protection against the arbitrary acts of the Senate and consuls. In 494 bce, the plebeians threatened to leave Rome and set up their own independent state (concilium plebis). ![]()
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